江苏开放大学大学英语B（2）形成性考核作业2参考答案

江苏开放大学大学英语B（2）形成性考核作业2选择题

1、B-1到B-30是未完成的句子，考核所学词汇与语法知识点，针对每个句子中未完成的部分有4个选项，请从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

B-1. —— May I take your order now?

        —— __________

A、No, I don’t like it.

B、Yes, I’d like steamed fish.

C、Yes, we take orders.

D、No, I don’t have an order.

标准答案：B学生答案：B

答案解析:此题考查的是交际情境中的点餐及应答用语。通过问句“现在可以点餐了吗”可以判断出对话场景为餐厅，与之相匹配的回答是B选项“我要一份蒸鱼”，其他的选项都答非所问，也不符合逻辑。

2、B-2. —— Congratulations! You won the first prize in today’s English speech contest.

        —— __________

A、Thank you.

B、No, I didn’t do it well.

C、Yes, I beat the others.

D、It’s a pleasure.

标准答案：A学生答案：A

答案解析:此题考查的是交际情境中的祝贺及应答用语。在英语中，当对方向你表示祝贺，如果按照中文交际习惯自谦反而不礼貌，会使对方误以为你不赞成其对你的肯定的评价。应该按照英语的交际习惯，说“Thank you.”或者“Thanks.”就可以了。

3、B-3. Tom has already given up the __________ of smoking with the advice of doctor.

A、custom

B、habit  

C、hobby

D、interest

标准答案：B学生答案：B

答案解析:此题考查的是名词的辨析。habit：习惯；custom：习俗，风俗；hobby：爱好；interest：兴趣。the habit of 表示“……的习惯”。本句想表达的是：汤姆听从医生的建议已经戒烟了（改掉吸烟的习惯）。

4、B-4. The scientists are trying to find out the facts to __________ their theory.

A、support

B、carry  

C、design

D、oppose

标准答案：A学生答案：A

答案解析:此题考查的是动词的辨析。support：支持，支撑；carry：施行；design：设计；oppose：反对。本句想表达的是：科学家正试着找到证据来支持自己的理论。其他的词义均不符合题意，故排除。

5、B-5. It is certain that he will __________ his business to his only daughter when he gets old.

A、go over

B、think over

C、hand over

D、take over

标准答案：C学生答案：C

答案解析:此题考查的是动词短语的搭配。go over：复习；think over：认真考虑； hand over：转交；take over：接收，接管。本句想表达的是：他肯定会在年老以后把生意转交给唯一的女儿，所以选用hand over。

6、B-6. You object __________, don’t you?

A、to they come

B、to they coming

C、to their come

D、to their coming

标准答案：D学生答案：D

答案解析:此题考查的是固定搭配。本句想表达的是：你反对他们来，是吗？object to为固定搭配的词组，要注意to在这里是一个介词，而不是不定式标志，所以后面跟名词或动名词作宾语。因此，正确答案为选项object to their coming。

7、B-7. This kind of material expands __________ the temperature increasing.

A、to

B、for

C、with

D、at

正确答案：C学生答案：C

答案解析:此题考查的是伴随状语。“with + 名词 + 现在分词”表示伴随状况。本句想表达的是：随着温度升高这种材料会膨胀。其他介词放在这里从意思上都不合逻辑。

8、B-8. Given the choice between work and entertainment, Tom would surely prefer the __________. 

A、late

B、later

C、latter

D、last

标准答案：C学生答案：C

答案解析:此题考查的是形近词的辨析。later：一会儿，过后；late：晚到；latter：后者，其反义词是former前者；last：最后的。需要注意易混词形的区分。本句想表达的是：在工作和娱乐之间，汤姆当然选后者。

9、B-9. Would you please keep silent for a while? The weather report __________.

A、is broadcast

B、is being broadcast

C、was broadcasted

D、has been broadcast

标准答案：B学生答案：B

答案解析:此题考查的是被动语态。weather report是气象报告，它是被播报的，broadcast 的过去式和过去分词是broadcast / broadcasted，通过上下文意思得知正在播报气象报告，所以要用现在进行时的被动语态。本句想表达的是：你安静一会儿好吗？正在播报气象报告呢。

10、B-10. Mrs. Green became a teacher in 2000. She will __________ for twenty years by next summer.

A、teach

B、taught

C、be teaching

D、have been teaching

标准答案：D学生答案：D

答案解析:此题考查的是将来完成进行时的用法。将来完成进行时表示某种情况下一直持续到说话人所提及的时间，往往与将来的时间连用，其动词架构为：shall / will + 助动词have + been + 动词现在分词。本句句尾by next summer表示将来的某段时间，所以要用将来完成进行时。

11、B-11. Professor Sun, along with his assistants, __________ on the project day and night to meet the deadline.

A、work  

B、working  

C、is working

D、are working

标准答案：C学生答案：C

答案解析:此题考查的是主谓一致。在有along with的情况下，谓语动词要与along with之前的主语，而不是along with的后面部分保持一致，所以这里应该和Professor Sun而不是assistants保持一致，用is working。

12、B-12. There was so much noise in the classroom that the monitor couldn’t make himself __________.

A、hear

B、hearing

C、to hear

D、heard

标准答案：D学生答案：D

答案解析:此题考查的是使役动词make 的用法。本句想表达的是：教室里噪声这么大，听不到班长的讲话。使役动词make的宾语himself和宾语补足语hear之间是被动关系，表示“让班长的话被其他人听到”，所以应该选择hear的被动形式heard。

13、B-13. The fact was proved __________ specific speech sounds are recognized by babies as young as 6 months old.

A、which 

B、what  

C、that

D、whose

标准答案：C学生答案：C

答案解析:此题考查的是同位语从句连接词的选择。本题出现了同位语从句割裂的现象，当一个名词充当主语，谓语太短，而用来说明它的内容太长的情况下，可以把同位语从句放在句子末尾。本句的先行词是the fact，后面的从句解释说明fact的内容，选that。本句想表达的是：婴儿6个月大的时候就能够辨别一些特定声音的事实被证明了。

14、B-14. __________ by his grandparents, Tommy wasn’t used to living with his parents.

A、To bring up

B、To be brought up

C、Brought up

D、Being brought up

标准答案：C学生答案：C

答案解析:此题考查的是非谓语动词的用法。主语是托米，是人与动词抚养（bring up）之间是被动关系。因此选择过去分词形式的非谓语，表示过去和被动，等于Because Tommy was brought up by his grandparents, …。本句想表达的是：托米是他祖父母带大的，不习惯和他的父母住在一起。

15、B-15. He __________ the final exam if he had worked hard enough, but he didn’t.

A、would have passed

B、would pass

C、passed

D、has passed

标准答案：A学生答案：A

答案解析:此题考查的是虚拟语气。与过去事实相反的情况，从句用“If + 主语 + had done”，主句用“主语 + should / would / might / could + have done”。本句想表达的是：如果他学习足够努力，他本应该通过期末考试的，但他却没有。选用would have passed。

16、B-16. —— May I use your car for a moment?

          —— __________

A、You’re right.

B、It doesn’t matter.

C、By all means.

D、I have no idea.

标准答案：C学生答案：C

答案解析:此题考查的是交际情境中的请求及应答用语。如果同意对方的请求, 可以使用“Sure”, “Of course”, “By all means”等来回复，如果不同意对方的请求，首先应该礼貌地表示歉意，然后再给出拒绝的理由。“By all means”是“当然可以”的意思。

17、B-17. —— Hi, is Nancy there, please?

         —— __________

A、Hold on. I’ll get her.

B、Yes, what do you want?

C、Yes, she lives here.

D、No way, she isn’t here.

正确答案：A学生答案：A

答案解析:此题考查的是交际情境中的打电话用语。问句的意思是“请问，南希在吗？”根据四个选项的回答可以判断接电话应答人的并不是南希。在这种情况下，接电话的人应该用“hold on”来回复，表示“请稍等，不要挂”。 

18、B-18. The doctor tried to do some experiments to find out the __________ of the medicine.

A、cause    

B、response   

C、reason

D、effect

正确答案：D学生答案：D

答案解析:此题考查的是名词的辨析。cause：原因，起因；response：反应，回答；reason：理由；effect：效果，影响。本句想表达的是：医生尝试做一些试验去发现这种药的效果。其他选项不符合逻辑。

19、B-19. I can __________ you that the cats are well cared for in our pet store, so you needn’t worry about them.

A、suppose

B、assume

C、assure

D、attempt

标准答案：C学生答案：C

答案解析:此题考查的是动词的辨析。suppose：猜想，认为；assume：假设，猜想；assure：使相信，使确信；attempt：尝试。assure sb. that意为“使某人确信（相信）……”。本句想表达的是：请相信猫咪在我们宠物店被照顾得很好，你无需担心它们。

20、B-20. After she retired from office, Anna __________ painting for a while, but soon lost interest.

A、took up

B、kept up

C、save up

D、drew up

标准答案：A学生答案：A

答案解析:此题考查的是动词短语的搭配。take up：开始（学习或从事等）；keep up：保持；save up：存钱；draw up：起草定制。本句想表达的是：退休后，安娜从事了一段时间的绘画，但不久便失去兴趣了。

21、B-21. A solid is different from a liquid __________ the solid has definite shape.

A、in that  

B、in which

C、in what

D、of that

标准答案：A学生答案：A

答案解析:此题考查的是固定搭配。in that意思是“因为，由于，在于”，当表示“因为”时与for the reason that, because 同义，可用于引导原因状语从句，在本句中表示“在于”。本句想表达的是：固体和液体的不同点在于固体有一定的形状。

22、B-22. The street were empty __________ the policemen on duty.

A、excepting

B、except

C、besides

D、except for

标准答案：D学生答案：D

答案解析:此题考查的是“除了”的用法。excepting：通常用于句首或always, not, without等后面，表示“除了”，不包括在内；except：除了，表示不包括在内；besides：除了……外还有，表示包括在内；except for：除了……，其所排除的内容与主语往往不属于一类。本句想表达的是：街上空无一人，除了执勤的警察。警察与街道不属于一类。

23、B-23. He is very __________ to call me tonight. I can sense that.

A、liable

B、possible  

C、likely  

D、likeable

标准答案：C学生答案：C

答案解析:此题考查的是形容词的辨析。liable：易受……影响的，有可能的，通常接不好的结果；possible：有可能的，但也只能说事情有可能，不能说sb. is possible to do something，也就是不能将人作主语；likely：有可能的，人可以作主语；likeable：可爱的，令人喜欢的。这里主语是he，选择likely。

24、B-24. I didn’t know your phone number; otherwise I __________ you a call the moment I got to Nanjing.

A、have given

B、had given

C、would give

D、would have given

标准答案：D学生答案：D

答案解析:此题考查的是虚拟语气。本句想表达的是：我不知道你的手机号，否则我一到南京就会给你打电话的。根据句意可知，分号后的句子是对过去事件的虚拟，otherwise后面的句子用would / should / could + 完成时的形式。

25、B-25. —— Don’t you feel surprised to see Susie at the party?

          —— Yes. I really didn’t think she __________ here.

A、has been

B、had been

C、would be

D、would have been

标准答案：C学生答案：C

答案解析:此题考查的是时态。根据上下文语境可知，选项动作已在过去发生或完成。但根据I really didn’t think 可以判断出从句中的动作是从过去某时间看将来要发生的事情，应选过去将来时。

26、B-26. Would you let __________ to the cinema with my colleagues, Mum?

A、me go

B、me going

C、I go

D、I going

标准答案：A学生答案：A

答案解析:此题考查的是使役动词的用法。本句想表达的是：妈妈，能让我和同事一起去看电影吗？let, have, make等使役动词后面跟不带to的不定式作宾补。可能的干扰项是let I，及物动词后面如果接的代词应该使用宾格。而I 是主格只能充当主语。

27、B-27. I have been looking forward to __________ from my old friends. 

A、hear

B、be beard

C、hearing  

D、being beard

标准答案：C学生答案：C

答案解析:此题考查的是动名词的用法。本句想表达的是：我一直盼望着收到老朋友的来信。be looking forward to doing sth.表示“期待做某事”，这个结构中to不是不定式的标记，而是介词，在它后面要加名词或者动名词。hear from sb.表示接到某人的来信，属于主动，所以要排除带有被动的干扰项。

28、B-28. Recently I bought a jade bracelet, __________ was very reasonable. 

A、which price 

B、the price of which

C、the price of that

D、its price

标准答案：B学生答案：B

答案解析:此题考查的是从句。表示先行词所代表的“那个人或物的……”用whose…或the…of which = of which…。因此，表示“……的价格”可说the price of which或of which the price或whose price。另外，如果在选项its price前加and也可以。本句想表达的是：最近我买了一只玉手镯，价格很合理。

29、B-29. Had you come five minutes earlier, you __________ the train to Beijing. But now you missed it.

A、would catch

B、should catch

C、could catch

D、would have caught

标准答案：D学生答案：D

答案解析:此题考查的是虚拟语气用法。本句是对过去发生的事情的虚拟，应该使用：主语 + should / would / could / might + have + 过去分词。本句想表达的是：要是你早来五分钟，你就能赶上那班去北京的火车了。但现在你错过了。

30、B-30. It’s time we __________ the lecture because it’s time for lunch.

A、will end 

B、shall end 

C、end

D、ended

标准答案：D学生答案：D

答案解析:此题考查的是It’s time ( that ) …的用法。本句想表达的是：午饭时间到了，我们该结束讲座了。“It’s time ( that ) …”是虚拟语气的句型，表示“现在某人该做某事了”。句型中引导词that可省略，time可由high, about修饰，从句中的谓语动词一般用动词的过去式。所以答案是ended。

江苏开放大学大学英语B（2）形成性考核作业2阅读题

31、阅读Passage One，回答B-31到B-35五个问题。请从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入题干空白处的最佳选项。

Passage One

          One of the key challenges in urban architecture over the next 50 years will be figuring out how to squeeze vast numbers of additional people into urban areas that are already extremely crowded. London, for example, will somehow have to deal with a projected 100,000 extra inhabitants every year until 2016. The current plan of building new “satellite towns” of the city causes a lot of problems —but architecture think tanks are working on ambitious solutions that go vertical instead of horizontal in search of space.

            In terms of population density, London is one of the least crowded major cities in the world— four times fewer people per square kilometer than Paris, for example, six times fewer than New York and eight times fewer than Cairo. But the fact remains that the city’s population is growing at a rapid rate, and horizontal expansion into the surrounding areas is eating up increasingly important agricultural land, as well as worsening all the transport problems that come with urban growth.

            Popular Architecture would propose a radically different solution. The proposal is to go upwards, with vertical towers of considerable size, each representing an entire new town by the time it’ s completed. Each tower would be 1500 meters high. Beyond mere accommodation, each tower would function as an entire town unit, with its own schools, hospitals, parks and gardens, sports facilities, business areas and community spaces. The population density of such a tower could help lower the individual energy requirements of each inhabitant, reducing the ecological impact of the population as a whole.

             The village towers are considered as hollow tubes, with large holes to allow light and air through the entire construction. Occasional floor discs spread throughout the height of the building will give inhabitants large central areas in the middle of the tube to use as gathering spaces。

            While the building itself is unlikely ever to be seriously considered for construction—imagine the number of elevators it would need, let alone the safety implications of open areas at such heights and with such wind exposure—the concept can serve as a conversation-starter for urban planners looking to face the challenges of the current and coming centuries.

B-31.One key challenging task for urban architects in future is to_______.

A、build new satellite towns

B、work out ambitious plan

C、design less crowded cities

D、accommodate more inhabitants

标准答案：D学生答案：D

答案解析:细节理解题。文中第一段第一句提到在未来50年里，城市建筑的主要挑战之一将会是如何在已经极度拥挤的都市塞下更多的人。由此可知，未来城市建筑的主要挑战之一是容纳更多的居民，故选D。

32、阅读B-31题干中Passage One材料，完成本题。

B-32.Which of the following cities has the largest population density?

A、Cairo

B、Paris

C、London

D、New York

标准答案：A学生答案：A

答案解析:推理判断题。文中第二段第一句提到“In terms of population density，London is one the least crowded major cities in the world… and eight times fewer than Cairo. ”根据人口密度，伦敦是世界上最不拥挤的大城市之一，它每平方公里的人口数比巴黎低四倍， 比纽约低六倍，比开罗低八倍。由此可知，开罗的人口密度是最大的，故选A。

33、阅读B-31题干中Passage One材料，完成本题。

B-33.Horizontal expansion not only wastes land, but makes it hard for London to____.

A、handle its safety problems

B、resolve its transport issues

C、control its population growth

D、measure its population density

标准答案：B学生答案：B

答案解析:细节理解题。文中第二段第二句提到“ But the fact remains that the city’s population is growing…as well as worsening all the transport problems that come with urban growth.” 但是，城市的人口仍在迅速增长，向周围地区的拓展加剧了城市扩张带来的交通问题，也在吞噬重要的耕地。由此可知，水平空间的拓展不仅浪费土地还会造成交通问题，故选B。

34、阅读B-31题干中Passage One材料，完成本题。

B-34.The vertical tower would represent an entire new town in itself because______.

A、it is energy-saving

B、it is cost-effective

C、it is self-sufficient

D、it is comfort-oriented

标准答案：C学生答案：C

答案解析:推理判断题。文中第三段倒数第二句提到“Beyond mere accommodation，each tower would function as an entire…with its own schools，hospitals，parks…business areas and community spaces. ”每个塔还将作为一个完整的城镇是因为它内部还设有学校、医院、 公园、商务中心及社区空间等，这些使得这个城镇生活所需都可以自给自足。故选C。

35、阅读B-31题干中Passage One材料，完成本题。

B-35.For city planners today, the idea of building a vertical tower can become______.

A、a topic for fun   

B、a shocking reality

C、a modest proposal         

D、a source of inspiration

标准答案：D学生答案：D

答案解析:推理判断题。从文中最后一段可知，目前这种垂直塔型建筑还有很多问题，比如说，所需电梯数量多，存在安全隐患等等，但是可以作为设计者的一个灵感的来源，故选D。

36、阅读Passage Two,回答B-36到B-40四个问题。请从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入题干空白处的最佳选项。

Passage Two

             Passwords are everywhere in computer security. All too often, they are also ineffective. A good password has to be both easy to remember and hard to guess, but in practice people seem to pay attention to the former. Names of wives, husbands and children are popular. “123456” or “12345” are also common choices.

            That predictability lets security researchers (and hackers) create dictionaries which list common passwords, useful to those seeking to break in. But although researchers know that passwords are insecure, working out just how insecure has been difficult. Many studies have only small samples to work on.

             However, with the cooperation of Yahoo!, Joseph Bonneau of Cambridge University obtained the biggest sample to date—70 million passwords that came with useful data about their owners.

             Mr Bonneau found some interesting variations. Older users had better passwords than young ones. People whose preferred language was Korean or German chose the most secure passwords; those who spoke Indonesian the least. Passwords designed to hide sensitive information such as credit-card numbers were only slightly more secure than those protecting less important things, like access to games. “Nag screens” that told users they had chosen a weak password made virtually no difference. And users whose accounts had been hacked in the past did not make more secure choices than those who had never been hacked.

            But it is the broader analysis of the sample that is of most interest to security researchers. For, despite their differences, the 70 million users were still predictable enough that a generic password dictionary was effective against both the entire sample and any slice of it. Mr Bonneau is blunt: “An attacker who can manage ten guesses per account will compromise around 1% of accounts.” And that is a worthwhile outcome for a hacker.

            One obvious solution would be for sites to limit the number of guesses that can be made before access is blocked. Yet whereas the biggest sites, such as Google and Microsoft, do take such measures,  many do not. The reasons of their not doing so are various. So it’s time for users to consider the alternatives to traditional passwords.

B-36.People tend to use passwords that are_______.

A、easy to remember

B、hard to figure out

C、random numbers

D、popular names

标准答案：A学生答案：A

答案解析:细节理解题。在第一段第三句提到一个好的密码应该兼具容易记忆和难以猜测的特点，但在实际生活中，人们看起来更偏重前者。由此可知，虽然密码两个特点都很重要，但人们在使用中还是更注重记忆的方便，故选A。

37、阅读B-36题干中Passage Two材料，完成本题。

B-37. Researchers find it difficult to know how unsafe passwords are due to _______.

A、lack of research tools

B、lack of research funds

C、limited time of studies

D、limited size of samples

标准答案：D学生答案：D

答案解析:细节理解题。根据第二段，研究者认为想要测算密码不安全的程度是很困难的，因为许多研究都只能在少量的样本上展开。这说明困难是由于缺少样本造成的，与D项相符，故选D。

38、阅读B-36题干中Passage Two材料，完成本题。

B-38. It is indicated in the text that__________.

A、Indonesians are sensitive to password security

B、young people tend to have secure passwords  

C、nag screens help little in password security

D、passwords for credit cards are usually safe

标准答案：C学生答案：C

答案解析:推理判断题。A项“印尼人对密码安全很敏感”，这与第四段第三句中“those who spoke Indonesian the least”相反；B 项“年轻人倾向使用安全的密码”，这与第四段第二句“Older users had better passwords than young ones”相反；D项“信用卡的密码通常是安全的”，这与第四段第四句“Passwords designed to hide sensitive information such as credit-card numbers were only slightly more secure than those protecting less important things, like access to games”相反；故排除A、B、D三项。 C项“提示窗口对密码安全帮助不大”，与第四段第五句“ ‘ Nag screens’ that told users they had chosen a weak password made virtually no difference” 相符，故选C。

39、阅读B-36题干中Passage Two材料，完成本题。

B-39. The underlined word “compromise” in Para. 5 most probably means ______.

A、comprise   

B、compensate

C、endanger

D、encounter

标准答案：C学生答案：C

答案解析:语义理解题。根据第五段第三句“An attacker who can manage ten guesses per account will compromise around 1% of accounts.”可知，攻击者会尝试对一个账户进行10次猜测密码的举动，这一举动将会对1％的账户产生影响。后面一句“And that is a worthwhile outcome for a hacker. ”可知，这1 %账户对黑客已经足够了，说明他们会根据对密码的猜测来破解账户，因此对账号造成威胁。 A项“包括，构成”； B项“补偿”；D项“遇见”均不符合题意，故选C。

40、阅读B-36题干中Passage Two材料，完成本题。

B-40. The last paragraph of the text suggests that__________. 

A、net users regulate their online behaviors

B、net users rely on themselves for security

C、big websites limit the number of guesses

D、big websites offer users convenient access

正确答案：B学生答案：B

答案解析:推理判断题。根据题干定位到最后一段。A项“网络使用者要规范他们网上的行为”，文中未提及;C项“大型网站限制尝试输入密码的次数”，最后一段虽然有提到谷歌和微软，但并不是所有大型网站都这样做了;D项“大型网站为用户提供方便的登入”，文中没有提及;故排除A、C、D三项。B项“网络使用者要靠自己注意网络安全”，与最后一段最后一句的“So it’s time for users lo consider the alternatives to traditional passwords” 相符，故选B。

41、阅读Passage Three，回答B-41到B-45三个问题。请从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入题干空白处的最佳选项。

Passage Three

          John Lubbock, a British member of the Parliament, led to the first law to safeguard Britain’s heritage—the Ancient Monuments Bill. How did it happen?

          By the late 1800s more and more people were visiting Stonehenge for a day out. Now a World Heritage Site owned by the Crown, it was, at the time, privately owned and neglected.

          But the visitors left behind rubbish and leftover food. It encouraged rats that made holes at the stones’ foundations, weakening them. One of the upright stones had already fallen over and one had broken in two. They also chipped pieces off the stones for souvenirs and carved pictures into them, says architectural critic Jonathan Glancey.

          It was the same for other pre-historic remains, which were disappearing fast. Threats also included farmers and landowners as the ancient stones got in the way of working on the fields and were a free source of building materials.

          Shocked and angry, Lubbock took up the fight. When he heard Britain’s largest ancient stone circle at Avebury in Wiltshire was up for sale in 1871 he persuaded its owners to sell it to him and the stone circle was saved.

          “Lubbock aroused national attention for ancient monuments,’’ says Glancey. “At the time places like Stonehenge were just seen as a collection of stones, ancient sites to get building materials.”

           “Lubbock knew they were the roots of British identity. He did for heritage what Darwin did for natural history. ”

           But Lubbock couldn’t buy every threatened site. He knew laws were needed and tabled the Ancient Monuments Bill. It proposed government powers to take any pre-historic site under threat away from uncaring owners, a radical idea at the time.

           For eight years he tried and failed to get the bill through parliament. Finally, in 1882, it was voted into law. It had, however, been watered down; people had to willingly give their ancient monuments to the government. But what it did do was plant the idea that the state could preserve Britain’s heritage better than private owners.

           Pressure started to be put on the owners of sites like Stonehenge to take better care of them.

B-41. According to the text, Stonehenge in the late 1800s was______.

A、a royal property

B、utterly neglected

C、legally protected

D、 a public property

标准答案：B学生答案：B

答案解析:细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“…it was，at the time, privately owned and neglected. ” 中“ neglect”一词可知，当时对巨石阵的态度是“忽略的”，与B项相符，故选B。

42、阅读A-41题干中Passage Three材料，完成本题。

B-42. One stone in Stonehenge fell over because __________.                                                                           

A、rats weakened its foundation

B、farmers cut it to build houses

C、visitors carved pictures into it  

D、visitors chipped pieces off it

标准答案：A学生答案：A

答案解析:细节理解题。根据第三段第二句“It encouraged rats that made holes at the stones’ foundations, weakening them, ”可知，巨石阵立柱倒塌的原因是老鼠打洞造成基座损坏，与A项相符，故选A。 

43、阅读A-41题干中Passage Three材料，完成本题。

B-43. Lubbock proposed a bill to_________.

A、push people to learn history    

B、ensure government function

C、enforce ancient site protection   

D、push visitors to behave properly

标准答案：C学生答案：C

答案解析:细节理解题。根据第八段第二句“He knew laws were needed and tabled the Ancient Monuments Bill. ”可知，他提出法案的初衷是想利用法律手段来保护遗迹，与C项相符，故选C。

44、阅读A-41题干中Passage Three材料，完成本题。

B-44. When the bill was voted into law in 1882, it had been made less________.

A、severe    

B、biased

C、implicit   

D、complex

标准答案：A学生答案：A

答案解析:推理判断题。1882年法案通过时，作者用了“It had, however, been watered down”这个句子,接下来说“人们必须自愿将自己所有的古代遗迹交给政府。”这和上一段中最初提出的“这个法案 建议政府从漠不关心的私人业主手上将受到威胁的史前遗迹接管过来”相比，措施缓和了很多，从强硬变成人们的自愿行为，因此可以判断措施已经变得没有那么严厉了。 A项符合，故选A。

45、阅读A-41题干中Passage Three材料，完成本题。

B-45. This text is mainly about________ .

A、a famous British Parliament member

B、the value of ancient heritages in the UK

C、 the history and protection of Stonehenge

D、the origin of the Ancient Monuments Bill

标准答案：D学生答案：D

答案解析:主旨大意题。第一段最后一句“How did it happen?”已经表明，文章要说的是路博克的法案是如何提出并通过的。故选D。

46、阅读Passage Four，回答B-46到B-50三个问题。请从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入题干空白处的最佳选项。

Passage Four

          Late last year, I needed to transport some furniture from our house in Sussex to my son’s flat in central London. I should have paid a man to do it for me, but foolishly confident in my driving ability, I decided to hire a van and drive it myself. It was a Ford Transit 280, long and wide; you couldn’t see out of the back. You never really knew how close you were to anything else on the road.

          Reversing in my home yard, I crashed into a small shed, causing permanent damage. At least I owned the shed.

           I loaded up the furniture and set out. By now it was rush hour. My nerves broke down, as I steered the huge van through ever-shifting lanes, across oncoming vehicles, between distances of buses, at last to Charlotte Street.

           Here, I found an available parking space. As I reversed into it, I noticed three people at a pavement cafe waving to me. I got out, trembling violently, like one who has just endured a stormy Atlantic crossing. “You’ve shifted the car parked behind you three feet,” they said, and it belonged to a disabled person. I examined the car. There were white scratches along its front bumper. It bore a disabled sign. So, now I was a bad driver and a bad man. Under the stem gaze of the three, I left an apologetic note on the damaged car’s windscreen, giving my phone number.

           I unloaded the furniture, dripping with sweat. Wanting only to escape the monster, I drove the van back to its base on the Edgware Road. On arrival, the hire man told me I must fill it up with petrol before returning it. “Just charge me,” I cried, still shaking with fear. He gazed at me with understanding. No doubt he’d witnessed others in this state before. “How about I drive you to a petrol station, you fill up, and I drive her back?” he asked.

         He danced the great van through the traffic so casually that it would have shamed me if I had not been so grateful.

B-46.  The writer felt regretful that he had ______.

A、hired someone to drive for him

B、asked his son to do the delivery

C、rented a small van for his goods

D、delivered the furniture himself

标准答案：D学生答案：D

答案解析:细节理解题。由文中第一段第二句话“I should have paid a man to do it for me，but foolishly confident in my driving ability, I decided to hire a van and drive it myself. ”可知，作者本来能够付钱让别人来帮助他运送家具，但是由于对自己的开车技术比较自信，所以选择租车，然后自己开车去伦敦。所以A项是错误的,B项在文中没有提及。C项的a small van“小货车”和下文信息不符，故选D。

47、阅读B-46题干中Passage Four材料，完成本题。

B-47.  On his way to Charlotte Street, the writer felt______.

A、frightened

B、annoyed

C、relaxed

D、excited

标准答案：A学生答案：A

答案解析:细节理解题。由文章中的第三段第三句话“My nerves broke down，as I steered the huge van through ever-shifting lanes, across oncoming vehicles, between distances of buses, at last to Charlotte Street. ”可知，那时作者面对不断变换着的车道，迎面驶来的车以及在拥挤的车道中穿梭，作者非常害怕，精神已经快崩溃了，在四个选项中，只有A项frightened“害怕的”符合当时作者的心情，B项意为“恼怒的”，C项意为“放松的”，D项意为“兴奋的”， 均不符合题意，故选A。

48、阅读B-46题干中Passage Four材料，完成本题。

B-48.  In the parking lot, the writer_______.

A、saw a disabled man

B、ran into his friends

C、hit another vehicle

D、examined his van

标准答案：C学生答案：C

答案解析:细节理解题。由文章中的第四段第四句话“‘You’ve shifted the car parked behind you three feet,5 they said, and it belonged to a disabled person. ”可知，作者当时在停车的时候撞上了一辆残疾人的车。C项意为“撞上了其他汽车”，正确。A、B项在文中没有出现，D项“检查了他自己的车”是错误的，因为作者当时检查的是残疾人的车，故选C。

49、阅读B-46题干中Passage Four材料，完成本题。

B-49.  The writer uses the word “monster” ( para.5) to refer to _______.

A、the bad experience

B、the heavy furniture

C、 the guy at the base

D、the vehicle he drove

标准答案：D学生答案：D

答案解析:推理判断题。由文章的第五段第二句“Wanting only to escape the monster, I drove the van back to its base on the Edgware Road. ”可知，当时作者想要逃离这个“恶魔”，A项意为“这段糟糕的经历”，但是经历是抽象的东西，并且储存在脑海中，所以不需要逃离;B项意为“笨重的家具”，在文中给作者造成困扰的是开货车，并不是家具;C项意为“在站点的那个男人”，此时这个人还没有岀现，所以也不是指人;D项意为“他开的货车”，符合题意，综观全文，是这巨大的货车给他造成了困扰，故选D。

50、阅读B-46题干中Passage Four材料，完成本题。

B-50.  Watching the hire man drive, the writer felt _______.

A、doubtful  

B、grateful    

C、ashamed

D、worried

标准答案：B学生答案：B

答案解析:细节理解题。由文章的最后一段“He danced the great van through the traffic so casually that it would have shamed me if I had not been so grateful可知，此时作者的心里是感激的，A项意为 “怀疑的”；B项意为“感激的”；C项意为“羞耻的”；D项意为 “担心的”。故选B。

51、B-51至B-60为完型填空题，阅读材料中共包含10个未完成的句子，针对每个句子中空缺部分有4个选项，请从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

          Someone says, “Time is money.” But I think time is __B-51__ important than money. Why? Because when money is spent, we can get it back. However, when time is   B-52   it’ll never   B-53   . That’s   B-54   we mustn’t waste time.

  It goes without saying that the   B-55   is usually limited. Even a second is very important. We should make full use of our time to do    B-56    useful.

  But it is a pity that there are a lot of people who do not know the importance of time. They spent their limited time smoking, drinking and   __B-57  . They do not know that wasting time means wasting part of their own      B-58   .

  In a word, we should save time. We shouldn’t   B-59   today’s work for tomorrow. Remember we have no time to   B-60  .

B-51.Which one is the best to fill in the blank?

A、much

B、less

C、much less

D、even more

标准答案：D学生答案：D

答案解析:该句中多音节形容词important的比较级应是 more important ，用even来修饰比较级，故选 even more important。

52、阅读B-51题干中材料，完成本题。

B-52. Which one is the best to fill in the blank?

A、cost

B、bought

C、gone

D、finished

标准答案：C学生答案：C

答案解析:这里表示时间流逝，故选gone。

53、阅读B-51题干中材料，完成本题。

B-53.Which one is the best to fill in the blank?

A、return

B、carry

C、take

D、bring

标准答案：A学生答案：A

答案解析:时间流逝就不会再回来，根据文意应选return。

54、阅读B-51题干中材料，完成本题。

B-54. Which one is the best to fill in the blank?

A、what

B、that

C、because

D、why

标准答案：D学生答案：D

答案解析:上文解释了我们为什么不能浪费时间，承接上文应用why。

55、阅读B-51题干中材料，完成本题。

B-55.Which one is the best to fill in the blank?

A、money

B、time

C、day

D、food

标准答案：B学生答案：B

答案解析:时间的流逝悄无声息，故应选 time。

56、阅读B-51题干中材料，完成本题。

B-56. Which one is the best to fill in the blank?

A、nothing

B、something

C、anything

D、everything

标准答案：B学生答案：B

答案解析:根据文意可知，我们应珍惜时间，做一些有用的事情，故选something。

57、阅读B-51题干中材料，完成本题。

B-57. Which one is the best to fill in the blank?

A、reading

B、writing

C、playing

D、working

标准答案：C学生答案：C

答案解析:该句列举了一些人浪费时间的例子，四个选项中只有playing能和smoking, drinking 相提并论，故选playing。

58、阅读B-51题干中材料，完成本题。

B-58. Which one is the best to fill in the blank?

A、time

B、food

C、money 

D、life

标准答案：D学生答案：D

答案解析:根据文意，浪费时间就是浪费自己的生命，故选life。

59、阅读B-51题干中材料，完成本题。

B-59.Which one is the best to fill in the blank?

A、stop

B、leave

C、let

D、give

标准答案：B学生答案：B

答案解析:leave意为“留下，剩下”。根据文意，我们不能把今天的事留到明天做，故选 leave。

60、阅读B-51题干中材料，完成本题。

B-60. Which one is the best to fill in the blank?

A、lose

B、save

C、spend

D、take

标准答案：A学生答案：A

答案解析:这里表示浪费时间，故选lose。