2025年春江苏开放大学大学英语（D）综合性大作业答案

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一、2025年春江苏开放大学大学英语（D）综合性大作业单选题答案

1、阅读理解一，仔细阅读后完成下列1-1至1-4。

 　　Languages have been coming and going for thousands of years, but in recent times there has been less coming and a lot more going. When the world was still populated by hunter-gatherers, small, tightly knit (联系) groups developed their own patterns of speech independent of each other. Some language experts believe that 10,000 years ago, when the world had just five to ten million people, they spoke perhaps 12,000 languages between them.

 　　Soon afterwards, many of those people started settling down to become farmers, and their languages too became more settled and fewer in number. In recent centuries, trade, industrialisation, the development of the nation-state and the spread of universal compulsory education, especially globalisation and better communications in the past few decades, all have caused many languages to disappear,and dominant languages such as English, Spanish and Chinese are increasingly taking over. 

　　At present, the world has about 6,800 languages. The distribution of these languages is hugely uneven. The general rule is that mild zones have relatively few languages, often spoken by many people, while hot, wet zones have lots, often spoken by small numbers. Europe has only around 200 languages; the Americas about 1,000; Africa 2,400;and Asia and the Pacific perhaps 3,200,of which Papua New Guinea alone accounts for well over 800.The median number (中位数) of speakers is a mere 6,000,which means that half the world’s languages are spoken by fewer people than that. 

　　Already well over 400 of the total of 6,800 languages are close to extinction (消亡),with only a few elderly speakers left. Pick, at random, Busuu in Cameroon (eight remaining speakers), Chiapaneco in Mexico (150), Lipan Apache in the United States (two or three) or Wadjigu in Australia (one, with a question-mark): none of these seems to have much chance of survival. 

　　阅读理解1-1. What can we infer about languages in hunter-gatherer times?

A、They developed very fast.

B、They were large in number.

C、They had similar patterns.

D、They were closely connected.

学生答案：B

2、阅读理解1-2. Which of the following best explains “dominant” underlined in paragraph 2?

A、Complex.

B、Advanced.

C、Powerful.

D、Modern.

学生答案：C

3、阅读理解1-3. How many languages are spoken by less than 6,000 people at present?

A、About 6,800.

B、About 3,400.

C、About 2,400.

D、About 1,200.

学生答案：B

4、阅读理解1-4. What is the main idea of the text?

A、New languages will be created.

B、People’s lifestyles are reflected in languages.

C、Human development results in fewer languages.

D、Geography determines language evolution.

学生答案：C

5、阅读理解二，仔细阅读后完成下列2-1至2-3。　　

        In the 1760s, Mathurin Roze opened a series of shops that boasted(享有)a special meat soup called consommé. Although the main attraction was the soup, Roze’s chain shops also set a new standard for dining out, which helped to establish Roze as the inventor of the modern restaurant. 

       Today, scholars have generated large amounts of instructive research about restaurants. Take visual hints that influence what we eat: diners served themselves about 20 percent more pasta(意大利面食)when their plates matched their food. When a dark-colored cake was served on a black plate rather than a white one, customers recognized it as sweeter and more tasty. 

      Lighting matters, too. When Berlin restaurant customers ate in darkness, they couldn’t tell how much they’d had: those given extra-large shares ate more than everyone else, but were none the wiser—they didn’t feel fuller, and they were just as ready for dessert.  

       Time is money, but that principle means different things for different types of restaurants. Unlike fast-food places, fine dining shops prefer customers to stay longer and spend. One way to encourage customers to stay and order that extra round: put on some Mozart(莫扎特).When classical, rather than pop, music was playing, diners spent more. Fast music hurried diners out. Particular scents also have an effect: diners who got the scent of lavender(薰衣草)stayed longer and spent more than those who smelled lemon, or no scent. 

        Meanwhile, things that you might expect to discourage spending—“bad” tables, crowding, high prices— don’t necessarily. Diners at bad tables — next to the kitchen door, say — spent nearly as much as others but soon fled. It can be concluded that restaurant keepers need not “be overly concerned about ‘bad’ tables,” given that they’re profitable. As for crowds, a Hong Kong study found that they increased a restaurant’s reputation, suggesting great food at fair prices. And doubling a buffet’s price led customers to say that its pizza was 11 percent tastier. 

       阅读理解2-1. The underlined phrase “none the wiser” in Paragraph 3 most probably implies that the customers were _______. 

A、not aware of eating more than usual

B、not willing to share food with others

C、not conscious of the food quality

D、not fond of the food provided

学生答案：A

6、阅读理解2-2. How could a fine dining shop make more profit?

A、Playing classical music.

B、Introducing lemon scent.

C、Making the light brighter.

D、Using plates of larger size.

学生答案：A

7、阅读理解2-3. What does the last paragraph talk about?

A、Tips to attract more customers.

B、Problems restaurants are faced with.

C、Ways to improve restaurants’ reputation.

D、Common misunderstandings about restaurants.

学生答案：D

8、阅读理解三，仔细阅读后完成下列3-1至3-3。

 　　As cultural symbols go, the American car is quite young. The Model T Ford was built at the Piquette Plant in Michigan a century ago, with the first rolling off the assembly line(装配线) on September 27,1908.Only eleven cars were produced the next month. But eventually Henry Ford would build fifteen million of them. 

 　　Modern America was born on the road, behind a wheel. The car shaped some of the most lasting aspects of American culture: the roadside diner, the billboard, the motel, even the hamburger. For most of the last century, the car represented what it meant to be American—going forward at high speed to find new worlds. The road novel, the road movie, these are the most typical American ideas, born of abundant petrol, cheap cars and a never-ending interstate highway system, the largest public works project in history. 

　　In 1928 Herbert Hoover imagined an America with“ a chicken in every pot and a car in every garage.” Since then, this society has moved onward, never looking back, as the car transformed America from a farm-based society into an industrial power. 

　　The cars that drove the American Dream have helped to create a global ecological disaster. In America the demand for oil has grown by 22 percent since 1990. 

　　The problems of excessive(过度的)energy consumption, climate change and population growth have been described in a book by the American writer Thomas L.Friedman. He fears the worst, but hopes for the best.

 　　Friedman points out that the green economy(经济)is a chance to keep American strength.“ The ability to design, build and export green technologies for producing clean water, clean air and healthy and abundant food is going to be the currency of power in the new century.”

 　　阅读理解3-1. Why is hamburger mentioned in paragraph 2?

A、To explain Americans’ love for travelling by car.

B、To show the influence of cars on American culture.

C、To stress the popularity of fast food with Americans.

D、To praise the effectiveness of America’s road system.

学生答案：B

9、阅读理解3-2. What has the use of cars in America led to?

A、Decline of economy.

B、Environmental problems.

C、A shortage of oil supply.

D、A farm-based society.

学生答案：B

10、阅读理解3-3. What is Friedman’s attitude towards America’s future?

A、Ambiguous.

B、Doubtful.

C、Hopeful.

D、Tolerant.

学生答案：C

二、2025年春江苏开放大学大学英语（D）综合性大作业作文题答案

题型：简答题主观题分值70分难度：较难得分：62

1、综合性大作业-英语小论文

内容：任选一个作为论文主题，围绕主题写一篇800字英语小论文提交（英文）。

1. How to live a great life

2. Christmas Vs Spring Festival

3. How the art influence our life?

4. Paper reading or online reading

请认真按以下要求完成，以文字直接输入的形式在线提交。

一、综合性大作业-英语小论文总体要求

1．英语小论文以议论文的形式呈现，一律用英文撰写；

2．小论文的选题从给出的4个主题中选一，题目可自拟。

3. 小论文正文长度要求800词左右，不超过1500字。

4. 遵守学术道德，尊重知识产权，严禁剽窃抄袭。

二、英语小论文选题类型

1. 阐释论说（Fact-clarifying essay）如：How the art influence our life?; Christmas vs Spring Festival

2．观点辩论（Position-taking essay） 如：Paper reading or online reading; Attend college at home or abroad

3. 提供解决办法（Solution-proposing essay）如：How to live a great life?

三、英语小论文写作质量要求

除一般写作的质量要求外，小论文写作应尽可能尽量采用学术写作风格，具体要求如下：

1. 标题简洁、明确，点明论题或论点，避免大而空（Succinct title with an argumentative edge）

2. 论点明确（Obvious argument）

3. 逻辑推理（Logical reasoning）

4. 采用学术文体（Moderately Formal style）（较客观的语气、学术词汇的使用、简单句与复杂句的交叉使用等）

请注意：不要以附件提交，直接在作答框内输入内容。

（答案不唯一，参考范文4篇，任选一修改，雷同0分）